Introduction to Automation in Medical Laboratory Science. General Quality Control and Quality Assurance. Urinalysis. General introduction to medical laboratory science in haematology, blood transfusion, medical microbiology, parasitology and immunology. Basic tools of the microbiologist - wire loop, cotton wool, pipette, swabs and their uses. Preparation of stains and basic staining techniques -Grams slain, Ziehl Neelson stain, haematological stain, principles and components, Blood preparation and staining, pipettes care and uses. WBC and PCV estimation, cell count. Introduction to parasitism and other animal association, adaptation to parasitic way of life. How parasites adapt to their hosts. Basic knowledge of structure, classification and life cycle of parasites of medical importance. Vectors and intermediate hosts of parasites. Introduction to anthropoids of medical importance. Biology of the mosquito in relation to the transmission of malaria, filariasis and viral infections.