The heart; events of the cardiac cycle. Control of cardiac contractility. Cardiac electrophysiology.
Properties of cardiac muscles. Cardiac output - measurement and control. Haemodynamics of
circulation. Arterial blood pressure and its regulation. Cardiovascular reflexes. Peripheral
resistance and local control of the circulation. Regional blood flow. Cardiovascular changes in
exercise, haemorrhage and shock. Respiratory physiology – functions of upper respiratory tract.
Mechanics of respiration including compliance. Surfactant. Lung volume and capacities.
Pulmonary gas exchange. Blood gas transport. Pulmonary function tests. Nervous and chemical
control of respiration. Response to hypoxia, high altitude, exercise and artificial respiration.