This course examines, describes and analyses the social structure of human society with intellectual freedom and responsibilities. It explains the important roles of sociology, anthropology and other social sciences across the spectrum of disciplines. Society as the interrelated network of social relationships that exists, the largest social system being the nation-state where individuals are grouped into families, communities, racial and ethnic groups, political parties, social classes among others constitute the practice arena for public health. These groups and their dynamics must form the knowledge base of public health students so as to be able to propose, formulate and implement public health policies.In addition, an understanding the socialization process from birth to end of life is key to delivering effective and efficient public health care services.

 This course will expose the students to inequalities in health which are directly related to social and economic inequalities hence the role of social and behavioral factors in health and illness is central. The course helps the students to know how social factors (e.g., class, race, gender, religion, ethnicity, kinship network, marriage, educational status, age, place, and cultural practices) influence human health.


The course examines the basis of health services to the development of the national primary health care system, highlighting challenges of health care with regards to issues of integrity, and lack of servant leadership and transparency giving rise to current conditions in the Nigerian health system.Primary Health Care (PHC), according to the Alma-Ata declaration, was aimed at addressing the main health problems in the community, providing promotive, curative, and rehabilitative services. PHC is a shift towards the front-line of day-to-day activities carried out within the community. It was expected to correct the limitations of previous Governmental health strategies by bringing health care to the door post of community members. It was generally adopted as the cornerstone and guideline for implementation of subsequent reforms and policy instruments aimed at achieving health for all Nigerians. The course will discuss community mobilization, participation and advocacy in the context of team work for building sustainable healthy communities.